Bike tires are filled with air because the trapped air inside creates pressure that allows to support the weight of the cyclist and reduce vibrations while riding, ensuring better comfort and grip.
When you pedal, the air trapped in your tire acts as a shock absorber. It absorbs vibrations caused by imperfections in the ground and protects your bike from direct impacts. Thanks to this air cushion, you also have better control when turning or braking, as the air provides good grip on the road. Without it, the shocks would be harsh, the grip poor, and you would struggle more. The air also contributes to efficiency: properly inflated tires significantly reduce rolling resistance, making your rides easier and saving your energy.
A properly inflated tire better absorbs small bumps and vibrations, making the ride more comfortable and less tiring. An appropriate pressure also improves the bike's performance, allowing for easier pedaling and faster speeds without additional effort. Tires at optimal pressure provide better grip, which enhances precise and safe handling in curves or during hard braking. Finally, good inflation limits premature tire wear and significantly reduces the risk of punctures.
The air in your tire pushes from the inside against the walls due to pressure, meaning that its molecules, in constant motion, continuously collide with the internal surfaces. The more air you add to the tire, the more the molecules compress and hit harder, thereby increasing the pressure. It is this internal push that allows the tire to be firm enough to support your weight without completely collapsing when you get on the bike. And when you ride over bumps or stones, this pressure acts as a shock absorber by absorbing some of the impacts, preventing your arms from being jolted around.
Riding with under-inflated tires increases the risk of getting more flat tires, as the tire flattens more under weight, making it easier for obstacles (potholes, curbs, shards of glass) to penetrate the rubber. Additionally, it causes uneven tire wear: you'll need to buy new ones sooner, which isn't very economical. An over-inflated tire, on the other hand, becomes extremely rigid, reducing the contact surface with the ground and making your bike harder to control, especially in turns or when it's raining. In short, improper pressure means less safety, decreased performance, and a suffering wallet.
Invest in a good gauge to check your tire pressure every two weeks. Inflate your tires to the proper pressure usually indicated on the sidewall of the tire itself: it varies quite a bit depending on your weight or the terrain you ride on. Also, take a quick look at your tires before each ride to spot any cuts or debris stuck in them. And don't forget that the weather plays a role: when it’s cold, the pressure naturally drops, so keep an eye on your tires, especially in winter. If possible, use a pump with a built-in gauge; it saves you unnecessary hassle, even though these gauges are often less accurate than a good separate gauge.
A under-inflated tire can significantly reduce your pedaling efficiency: just a loss of pressure of 1 bar can result in up to 10% additional energy loss for moving forward.
Contrary to popular belief, overinflated tires do not necessarily improve your speed. Excessive inflation increases the tire's hardness and reduces grip, thus affecting your safety and comfort.
Some professional cyclists inflate their tires with helium in the belief that it lightens their bike. But be careful: the weight savings are so minimal that it’s not worth it compared to regular air!
The outside temperature significantly affects tire pressure. In cold weather, be sure to check the pressure more frequently, as the cold naturally reduces the air pressure in your tire.
A pressure that is too low increases friction with the road, intensifying premature tire wear and making each pedal stroke much more exhausting. Not to mention an increased risk of punctures!
For your bike, regular air is more than sufficient, accessible, and practical. The use of nitrogen is more common in automotive tires and racing cars due to its specific properties, but for our bikes, let's keep it simple with good old fresh air!
The ideal pressure is usually indicated on the sidewall of your tire in PSI or Bar. If you want to customize it based on your weight, the terrain, or your sport, choose a pressure that is slightly higher or lower than the recommended values.
Yes, the tubeless tire (without an inner tube) does exist. It is also inflated with air, significantly reduces the risk of punctures, and improves comfort during off-road outings. However, it requires specific wheels that are compatible with tubeless tires!
Because proper pressure not only ensures more comfort and performance but also reduces wear and the risk of unnecessary punctures. It also helps to avoid excessive energy consumption during your journeys.
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