A fault is a fracture in the rocks of the Earth's crust. When the rock blocks on either side of this fault suddenly move, it...
Quartz is a crystalline form of silicon dioxide (SiO2), a combination of silicon and oxygen. Each quartz molecule consists of one silicon atom bonded to...
The crescent-shaped dunes, called barkhanes, mainly appear where a wind predominantly blows from a single direction. This dominant wind pushes the sand up the gentle...
Some lakes disappear because their water supply directly depends on precipitation. When rain or snow decreases significantly, these lakes gradually evaporate or even completely disappear...
The ancient mineral pigments used by our ancestors were primarily composed of very durable natural materials such as ochres, derived from clayey soils rich in...
The Vesuvius is a volcano located in southern Italy, near Naples, formed by the phenomenon of subduction. In simple terms, it is the African plate...
The Eiffel Tower is made of a special material called puddled iron. This particular iron contains little carbon but more slag, impurities resulting from its...
For a rock arch to appear, there must already be a rock with the specific characteristics needed. A solid, weather-resistant upper layer must rest on...
The Earth's lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, composed of the Earth's crust and the upper part of the mantle. It is...
The Grand Canyon originated from the combination of several major geological phenomena over millions of years. First, the gradual accumulation of layers of sedimentary rocks...
